【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforCollection,Storage,Characterization,andManipulationofSedimentsforToxicologicalTestingandforSelectionofSamplersUsedtoCollectBenthicInvertebrates
【原文标准名称】:用于收集底栖无脊椎动物取样器的选择和毒理测定用沉积物的收集,存储,表征和操作方法的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1391-2003(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.03
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:basketsamplers;benthicmacroinvertebrates;characterization;collection;interstitialwater;manipulation;multiplatesamplers;porewater;sediment;sedimentgrabsamplers;spiking;storage;streamnetsamplingdevices;toxicity;transport;Benthicmac
【摘要】:Sedimenttoxicityevaluationsareacriticalcomponentofenvironmentalqualityandecosystemimpactassessments,andareusedtomeetavarietyofresearchandregulatoryobjectives.Themannerinwhichthesedimentsarecollected,stored,characterized,andmanipulatedcaninfluencetheresultsofanysedimentqualityorprocessevaluationgreatly.Addressingthesevariablesinasystematicanduniformmannerwillaidtheinterpretationsofsedimenttoxicityorbioaccumulationresultsandmayallowcomparisonsbetweenstudies.Sedimentqualityassessmentisanimportantcomponentofwaterqualityprotection.Sedimentassessmentscommonlyincludephysicochemicalcharacterization,toxicitytestsorbioaccumulationtests,aswellasbenthiccommunityanalyses.Theuseofconsistentsedimentcollection,manipulation,andstoragemethodswillhelpprovidehighqualitysampleswithwhichaccuratedatacanbeobtainedforthenationalinventoryandforotherprogramstoprevent,remediate,andmanagecontaminatedsediment.Itisnowwidelyknownthatthemethodsusedinsamplecollection,transport,handling,storage,andmanipulationofsedimentsandinterstitialwaterscaninfluencethephysicochemicalpropertiesandtheresultsofchemical,toxicity,andbioaccumulationanalyses.Addressingthesevariablesinanappropriateandsystematicmannerwillprovidemoreaccuratesedimentqualitydataandfacilitatecomparisonsamongsedimentstudies.Thisstandardprovidescurrentinformationandrecommendationsforcollectingandhandlingsedimentsforphysicochemicalcharacterizationandbiologicaltesting,usingproceduresthataremostlikelytomaintaininsituconditions,mostaccuratelyrepresentthesedimentinquestion,orsatisfyparticularneeds,tohelpgenerateconsistent,highqualitydatacollection.Thisstandardisintendedtoprovidetechnicalsupporttothosewhodesignorperformsedimentqualitystudiesunderavarietyofregulatoryandnon-regulatoryprograms.Informationisprovidedconcerninggeneralsamplingdesignconsiderations,fieldandlaboratoryfacilitiesneeded,safety,samplingequipment,samplestorageandtransportprocedures,andsamplemanipulationissuescommontochemicalortoxicologicalanalyses.Informationcontainedinthisstandardreflectstheknowledgeandexperienceofseveralinternationally-knownsourcesincludingthePugetSoundEstuaryProgram(PSEP),WashingtonStateDepartmentofEcology(WDE),UnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(USEPA),USArmyCorpsofEngineers(USACE),NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA),andEnvironmentCanada.Thisstandardattemptstopresentacoherentsetofrecommendationsonfieldsamplingtechniquesandsedimentorinterstitialwatersampleprocessingbasedontheabovesources,aswellasextensiveinformationinthepeer-reviewedliterature.Asthescopeofthisstandardisbroad,itisimpossibletoadequatelypresentdetailedinformationoneveryaspectofsedimentsamplingandprocessingforallsituations.Norissuchdetailedguidancewarrantedbecausemuchofthisinformation(forexample,howtooperateaparticularsamplingdeviceorhowtouseaGeographicalPositioningSystem(GPS)device)alreadyexistsinotherpublishedmaterialsreferencedinthisstandard.Giventheaboveconstraints,thisstandard:(1)presentsadiscussionofactivitiesinvolvedinsedimentsamplingandsampleprocessing;(2)alertstheusertoimportantissuesthatshouldbeconsideredwithineachactivity;and(3)givesrecommendationsonhowtobestaddresstheissuesraisedsuchthatappropriatesamplesarecollectedandanalyzed.Anattemptismadetoalerttheusertodifferentconsiderationspertainingtosamplingandsampleprocessingdependingontheobjectivesofthestudy(forexample,remedi......
【中国标准分类号】:Z19
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:94P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


MIL-HDBK-335(USAF) (NOTICE 3), MILITARY HANDBOOK MANAGEMENT AND DESIGN GUIDANCE ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION HARDNESS FOR AIR LAUNCHED ORDINANCE SYSTEMS. MIL-HDBK-335(USAF), date 15 January 1981, and any subsequent revisions or change notices are inactive for new design and shall no longer used as a guidance reference for new design.